Keywords
leukoplakia, oral squamous cell carcinoma, follow up, proliferative leukoplakia.
How to Cite
Follow up protocol in proliferative multifocal leukoplakia to avoid malignant transformation. A case report. (2020). Odontoestomatología, 22(36), 94-102. https://doi.org/10.22592/ode2020n36a11
Abstract
Multifocal proliferative leukoplakia (MPL) is considered one of the oral potentially malignant disorders (OPMD) with the highest rate of malignant transformation. Therapeutics are extremely difficult since in most cases the lesions are refractory. The aim of this study is to report a case of MPL and its evolution, highlighting the importance of clinical monitoring through exhaustive follow-up protocols. A 75-year-old female with multiple keratotic and warty lesions with a proliferative growth pattern throughout the oral mucosa presented to the consultation. The biopsies and the clinical context allowed to fit the diagnosis of MPL. The patient adhered to a strict protocol and so far is free of carcinomatous lesions. This report highlights the careful monitoring of patients with MPL in order to achieve early detection of oral squamous cell carcinoma and consequently, to improve the prognosis.
References
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2003; 32 (7): 379–82.
2. Aguirre-Urizar JM. Proliferative multifocal leukoplakia better name that proliferative verrucous leukoplakia. World J Surg Oncol. 2011; 10(9): 122.
3. Hansen LS, Olson JA, Silverman S. Proliferative verrucous leukoplakia. A long-term study of thirty patients. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol. 1985; 60 (3): 285–98.
4. Cerero-Lapiedra R, Baladé-Martínez D, Moreno- López L-A, Esparza-Gómez G, Bagán JV. Proliferative verrucous leukoplakia: a proposal for diagnostic criteria. Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal. 2010; 15 (6): e839-845.
5. Villa A, Menon RS, Kerr AR, De Abreu Alves F, Guollo A, Ojed D, Woo SB. Proliferative leukoplakia: Proposed new clinical diagnostic criteria. Oral Dis. 2018; 24 (5): 749–60.
6. AK E-N, JKC C, JR G, T T, PJ S. WHO Classification of Head and Neck Tumours [Internet]. [cited 2020 Jan 27]. Available from: https: //publications.iarc.fr/Book-And-Report- Series/Who-Iarc-Classification-Of-Tumours/ Who-Classification-Of-Head-And-Neck-Tumours- 2017
7. Palefsky JM, Silverman S, Abdel-Salaam M, Daniels TE, Greenspan JS. Association between proliferative verrucous leukoplakia and infection with human papillomavirus type 16. J Oral Pathol Med. 1995; 24 (5): 193–7.
8. van der Waal I, Reichart PA. Oral proliferative verrucous leukoplakia revisited. Oral Oncol. 2008; 44 (8): 719–21.
9. Capella DL, Gonçalves JM, Abrantes AAA, Grando LJ, Daniel FI. Proliferative verrucous leukoplakia: diagnosis, management and current advances. Braz J Otorhinolaryngol. 2017; 83 (5): 585–93.
10. Campisi G, Giovannelli L, Ammatuna P, Capra G, Colella G, Di Liberto C, et al. Proliferative verrucous vs conventional leukoplakia: no significantly increased risk of HPV infection. Oral Oncol. 2004; 40 (8): 835–40.
11. Kresty LA, Mallery SR, Knobloch TJ, Li J, Lloyd M, Casto BC, et al. Frequent alterations of p16INK4a and p14ARF in oral proliferative verrucous leukoplakia. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 2008; 17 (11): 3179–87.
12. Garcia-Pola M-J, Llorente-Pendás S, González- Garcia M, García-Martín J-M. The development of proliferative verrucous leukoplakia in oral lichen planus. A preliminary study. Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal. 2016; 21 (3): e328- 334.
13. Lopes MA, Feio P, Santos-Silva AR, Vargas PA. Proliferative verrucous leukoplakia may initially mimic lichenoid reactions. World J Clin Cases. 2015; 3 (10): 861–3.
14. Thomson PJ, Goodson ML, Smith DR. Potentially malignant disorders revisited-The lichenoid lesion/proliferative verrucous leukoplakia conundrum. J Oral Pathol Med. 2018; 47 (6): 557–65.
15. Fitzpatrick SG, Honda KS, Sattar A, Hirsch SA. Histologic lichenoid features in oral dysplasia and squamous cell carcinoma. Oral Surgery, Oral Medicine, Oral Pathology and Oral Radiology. 2014; 117 (4): 511–20.
16. Cabay RJ, Morton TH, Epstein JB. Proliferative verrucous leukoplakia and its progression to oral carcinoma: a review of the literature. J Oral Pathol Med. 2007; 36 (5): 255–61.
17. Morton T, Cabay R, Epstein J. Proliferative verrucous leukoplakia and its progression to oral carcinoma: Report of three cases. J Oral Path Med. 2007; 36.
18. Munde A, Karle R. Proliferative verrucous leukoplakia: An update. J Cancer Res Ther. 2016; 12 (2): 469–73.
19. Bagan JV, Jimenez Y, Sanchis JM, Poveda R, Milian MA, Murillo J, et al. Proliferative verrucous leukoplakia: high incidence of gingival squamous cell carcinoma. J Oral Pathol Med.
2003; 32 (7): 379–82.