Immediate and mediated analysis of the ionic composition of root dentin and different bioceramic endodontic sealers

Abstract

Objective: To analyze the chemical composition of root canal dentin and the influence of filling materials applied immediately (28 days) and mediately (365 days).

Methods: Sixty human permanent lower first molars were selected, once the access and preparation stages were completed, endodontic obturation was performed only on the distal roots: AH Plus (AHP Group) (Dentsply, Germany), Biodentine (BD Group) and BioRoots RCS (BR Group) (Septodont, France). After a period of 28 days, 30 molars were analyzed by XEDS electron microscopy, each obturated distal root together with the unfilled mesial (basal) root of the same molar. The ionic content of dentin in both roots was compared in the coronal, middle and apical thirds at 2, 60 and 120 µm depth. After 365 days, the remaining 30 molars were analyzed in the same way. Statistical analysis was performed with three-way and four-way ANOVA and Tukey's a posteriori DHS test, the level of statistical significance was p<0.05.

Results: At 28 days in the ionic analysis of the dentin substrate, significant differences were observed between the groups of sealers used (p=7.8E-11); and the depth of the dentin (p=0.011), at 365 days only the differences between the groups of sealers were significant (p=0.001). In both time periods, the Ca/P ratio increased in the bioceramic materials groups, with respect to the mesial root (basal) and epoxy resin. The most frequently detected chemical element in the distal root was silicon (73%; n: 99/135), followed by zirconium (20%; n: 27/135), with a decrease in detection at 365 days.

Conclusions: The filling material was the most significant factor in the interaction with root canal dentin, especially in bioceramic endodontic sealers.