Comparative analysis of the structure and functions of ethics committees in Latin American universities

Abstract

Objectives: To comparatively analyze the structure and functions of ethics committees in selected universities across Latin America.

Methodology: A qualitative, descriptive, and comparative study. A documentary review was conducted using regulations, statutes, and official websites of Latin American universities. Ten universities were included: UNLP (Argentina), UBA (Argentina), UNAM (Mexico), USP (Brazil), PUCP (Peru), Uniandes (Colombia), University of Chile, UCV (Venezuela), UDELAR (Uruguay), and USFQ (Ecuador).

Results: The analysis showed that 100% (10) of the studied universities have interdisciplinary ethics committees. Likewise, in all cases, the committees evaluate scientific research projects. Only 30% (3) extend their evaluations to outreach or teaching projects. Student representation is included in 20% (2) of the committees. Regarding meeting frequency, 50% (5) have a formal schedule ensuring at least one session per month.

Conclusions: The analysis reveals that, although there is a widespread commitment to research ethics, it is necessary to strengthen participation, meeting frequency, and thematic scope of the committees to ensure their real impact within the university environment.