Palabras clave
mucosa oral, lesiones orales, estudio transversal, epidemiología
Cómo citar
Prevalencia y factores de riesgo de las lesiones de la mucosa oral en la población urbana del Uruguay. (2019). Odontoestomatología, 15(especial), 58-67. https://www.odon.edu.uy/ojs/index.php/ode/article/view/124
Resumen
Objetivo: El objetivo de este estudio fue determinar la prevalencia de las lesiones de la mucosa bucal e identifcar los factores de riesgo en el desarrollo de las mismas en una muestra representativa de la población adulta urbana del Uruguay. Metodología: Se trata de un estudio transversal que registró 922 personas (537 F/385M, edades de 15-24, 35-44 y 65-74 años) basado en un diseño muestral estratifcado por conglomerado polietápico. A partir de los datos de la muestra se estimaron las prevalencias de cada entidad así como los intervalos de confanza al 95%. Resultados: La candidosis y las lesiones proliferativas se observaron en 26% y en 17% de las personas y se presentaron signifcativamente asociadas al género femenino. La prevalencia de la leucoplasia fue del 7% y en el análisis multivariado presentó una asociación signifcativa con el consumo de mate. Conclusiones: Las lesiones orales se presentan de manera prevalente en los adultos mayores en el Uruguay, lo que sugiere que se deberían implementar programas de prevención, diagnóstico y tratamiento adecuado de las mismas
Referencias
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24. Vallejo G, Díaz-Canel M, Martín G, García G. Risk factors of oral soft tissue lesions in an adult Spanish population. Community Dent Oral Epidemiol. 2002;30: 277-285.
25. Espinoza I, Rojas R, Aranda W, Gamonal J. Prevalence of oral mucosal lesions in ederly people in Santiago, Chile. J Oral Pathol Med 2003; 32:571-5.
26. Shulman JD, Beach MM, Rivera Hidalgo F. Te prevalence of oral mucosal lesions in U.S adults: data from the Tird National Health and Nutrition Examination
Survey, 1988-1994. J Am Dent Assoc 2004; 135: 1279-1286.
27. Mumcu G, Cimilli H, Sur H, Hayran O, Atalay T. Prevalence and distribution of oral lesions: a cross-sectional study in Turkey. Oral Dis 2005 ;11:81-7.
28. Triantos D. Intra-oral fndings and general health conditions among institutionalized and non- institutionalized elderly in Greece. J Oral Pathol Med 2005; 34:577-582.
29. Pentenero M, Brocoletti R, Carbone M, Conrotto D, Gandolfo S. The prevalence of oral mucosal lesions in adults from the Turin area. Oral Dis 2008; 14: 356-366.
30. Castellanos J, Díaz-Guzmán L. Lesions of the oral mucosa: an epidemiological study of 23785 Mexican patients. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod 2008;105: 79-85.
31. Carrard VC, Hass AN, Rados PV, Filho MS, Opermann RV, Albandar JM, Susin C. Prevalence and risk indicators of oral mucosal lesions in an urban population from South Brazil. Oral Dis 2011;17:171-9.
32. Andreasen JO, Pindborg JJ, HjötingHansen E, Axéll T. Oral Health care: more than caries and periodontal disease. A survey of epidemiological studies on oral disease. Int Dent J 1986; 36:207-214.
33. Fleshman R, Peles D, Pisanti S. Oral mucosal lesions among elderly in Israel. J Dent Res 1985; 64:831-6.
34. Martinez Díaz-Canel A, García- Pola Vallejo M. Epidemiological study of oral mucosa pathology in patients of the Oviedo School of Stomatology. Med Oral
2002; 7:4-9.
35. Hand J, Whitehill J. Te prevalence of oral mucosal lesions in an elderly population. J Am Dent Assoc 1986; 112: 73-6.
36. Dos Santos P, Bessa C De Aguiar M, Do Carmo M. Cross- sectional study of oral mucosal conditions among a central Amazonian Indian community, Brazil. J.
Oral Pathol Med 2004; 33: 7-12.
37. Zain RB, Ikeda, N, Razak I, Axéll T, Majid A, Gupta P. A national epidemiological survey of oral mucosal lesions in Malaysia. Community Dent Oral Epidemiol
1997; 25:377-383.
38. Lin H, Corbert E, Lo E. Oral mucosal lesions in adult Chinese. J Dent Res 2001;80:1486-90.
39. Campisi G, Margiotta V. Oral mucosal lesions and risk habits in an Italian study population. J Oral Pathol Med 2000; 30:22-8.
40. Harris C, Warnakulasuriya A, Cooper D, Peters T, Gelbier S.Prevalence of roal mucosal lesion in alcohol misusers in south London. J Oral Pathol Med 2004;
33:253-9.
41. Loria D, Barrios E, and Zanetti R. Cancer and yerba mate consumption: a review of possible associations. Rev Panam Salud Pública. 2009; 25(6):530–9
2. WHO/IARC About CANCERMondial [sitio en internet] Disponible en http:// www.dep.iarc.fr. Acceso 21.09.09
3. De Stefani E., Fierro L., Larrinaga M. Factores de riesgo para el cáncer de esófago en el Uruguay. Arch Med Int 1991; Vol XIII : 101 – 8.
4. Boffeta P., Pedocim L. High temperature beverages and foods and esophageal cancer risk. A systematic review. Int J Cancer 2009 ; 125: 491 – 524.
5. Balbi J., Lateulade S., Mendilaharsu M. Distribución geográfca de la mortalidad por cáncer en el Uruguay. Arch Med Int 1993; Vol. X : 41-9.
6. Hashibe M, Brennan P, Benhamou S, Castellsague X, Chen C, Curado MP, et al. Alcohol drinking in never users of tobacco, cigarette smoking in never drinkers, and the risk of head and neck cancer: pooled analysis in the International Head and Neck Cancer Epidemiology Consortium. J Natl Cancer Inst 2007; 99(10):777–89.
7. International Agency for Research on Cancer. Smoke Tobacco. IARC Monographs on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risks to Humans, vol. 89.Lyon: IARC; 2006.
8. Petti S. Lifestyle risk factors for oral cancer. Oral Oncology 2009; 49(4): 340-50.
9. Seitz HK, Stickel F. Molecular mechanisms of alcohol-mediated carcinogenesis Nat Rev Cancer 2007; 7(8):599–612.
10. World Cancer Research Fund, American Institute for Cancer Research. Food Nutrition. Physical activity and the prevention of cancer: a global perspective. Washington: AICR; 2007.
11. Room R, Babor T, Rehm J. Alcohol and public health. Lancet 2005; 365(9458):519–30.
12. Applebaum KM, Furniss CS, Zeka A, Posner MR, Smith JF, Bryan J, et al. Lack of association of alcohol and tobacco with HPV16-associated head and neck cancer.
J Natl Cancer Inst 2007;99(3):1801–10.
13. World Health Organization, Food and Agriculture Organization. Diet, nutrition and the prevention of chronic diseases: report of a joint WHO/FAO expert consultation. Geneva: WHO; 2002.
14. Popkin BM. Understanding global nutrition dynamics as a step towards controlling cancer incidence. Nat Rev Cancer 2007;7(1):61–7.
15. De Stéfani E, Correa P, Oreggia F et al. Black tobacco, wine and mate in oropharyngeal cancer. A case-control study from Uruguay. Rev Epidemiol Santé
Publique 1988: 36:389-94.
16. Instituto Nacional de Estadística. Censo 2011. Disponible en: http:// www.ine.gub.uy/censo2011./index.html. Fecha de acceso: 15/2/2013
17. Alvarez R, Blanco S, Lorenzo S. Encuesta de salud bucal en el Uruguay. Metodología. Odontoestomatología. 2013 vol XV, 22:1-7
18. Organización Mundial de la Salud. Encuestas de Salud buco dental. Métodos básicos. Ginebra: OMS, 1997.
19. R Core Team (2012). R: A language and environment for statistical computing. R Foundation for Statistical Computing. [sitio en internet] Vienna. Disponible en:
http://www.R-project.org/. Fecha de acceso: 02/04/2013
20. Manual de Encuesta de Factores de Riesgo: http://www.who.int/chp/steps/manuales/es/index7.html. Consultada el 25 /2/2013
21. Axéll T. A prevalence study of oral mucosal lesiones in an adult Swedish population. Tesis. Odont Revy 1976; 27:suppl.
22. Bouquet JE. Common oral lesions found during a mass screening examination. J Am Dent Assoc 1986;112: 50-7.
23. Kovac-Kovacic M, Skaleric U. Te prevalence of oral mucosal lesions in a population in Ljubljana, Slovenia. J Oral Pathol Med 2000; 29:331-5.
24. Vallejo G, Díaz-Canel M, Martín G, García G. Risk factors of oral soft tissue lesions in an adult Spanish population. Community Dent Oral Epidemiol. 2002;30: 277-285.
25. Espinoza I, Rojas R, Aranda W, Gamonal J. Prevalence of oral mucosal lesions in ederly people in Santiago, Chile. J Oral Pathol Med 2003; 32:571-5.
26. Shulman JD, Beach MM, Rivera Hidalgo F. Te prevalence of oral mucosal lesions in U.S adults: data from the Tird National Health and Nutrition Examination
Survey, 1988-1994. J Am Dent Assoc 2004; 135: 1279-1286.
27. Mumcu G, Cimilli H, Sur H, Hayran O, Atalay T. Prevalence and distribution of oral lesions: a cross-sectional study in Turkey. Oral Dis 2005 ;11:81-7.
28. Triantos D. Intra-oral fndings and general health conditions among institutionalized and non- institutionalized elderly in Greece. J Oral Pathol Med 2005; 34:577-582.
29. Pentenero M, Brocoletti R, Carbone M, Conrotto D, Gandolfo S. The prevalence of oral mucosal lesions in adults from the Turin area. Oral Dis 2008; 14: 356-366.
30. Castellanos J, Díaz-Guzmán L. Lesions of the oral mucosa: an epidemiological study of 23785 Mexican patients. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod 2008;105: 79-85.
31. Carrard VC, Hass AN, Rados PV, Filho MS, Opermann RV, Albandar JM, Susin C. Prevalence and risk indicators of oral mucosal lesions in an urban population from South Brazil. Oral Dis 2011;17:171-9.
32. Andreasen JO, Pindborg JJ, HjötingHansen E, Axéll T. Oral Health care: more than caries and periodontal disease. A survey of epidemiological studies on oral disease. Int Dent J 1986; 36:207-214.
33. Fleshman R, Peles D, Pisanti S. Oral mucosal lesions among elderly in Israel. J Dent Res 1985; 64:831-6.
34. Martinez Díaz-Canel A, García- Pola Vallejo M. Epidemiological study of oral mucosa pathology in patients of the Oviedo School of Stomatology. Med Oral
2002; 7:4-9.
35. Hand J, Whitehill J. Te prevalence of oral mucosal lesions in an elderly population. J Am Dent Assoc 1986; 112: 73-6.
36. Dos Santos P, Bessa C De Aguiar M, Do Carmo M. Cross- sectional study of oral mucosal conditions among a central Amazonian Indian community, Brazil. J.
Oral Pathol Med 2004; 33: 7-12.
37. Zain RB, Ikeda, N, Razak I, Axéll T, Majid A, Gupta P. A national epidemiological survey of oral mucosal lesions in Malaysia. Community Dent Oral Epidemiol
1997; 25:377-383.
38. Lin H, Corbert E, Lo E. Oral mucosal lesions in adult Chinese. J Dent Res 2001;80:1486-90.
39. Campisi G, Margiotta V. Oral mucosal lesions and risk habits in an Italian study population. J Oral Pathol Med 2000; 30:22-8.
40. Harris C, Warnakulasuriya A, Cooper D, Peters T, Gelbier S.Prevalence of roal mucosal lesion in alcohol misusers in south London. J Oral Pathol Med 2004;
33:253-9.
41. Loria D, Barrios E, and Zanetti R. Cancer and yerba mate consumption: a review of possible associations. Rev Panam Salud Pública. 2009; 25(6):530–9